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MATERIAL TESTING
Materials Finer Than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing

Method of Tests

Materials Finer Than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing

Reference AASHTO T 11-05 / ASTM C 117-13

The determination of material finer than a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve in aggregate by washing is conducted by the AASHTO T 11-05/ASTM C 117-13 test method. Clay and other aggregate particles are dispersed by the wash water and removed from the aggregate during the test.

Two procedures are described in the standard;
  • Procedure A: where only water is used for the washing operation.
  • Procedure B: where a wetting agent is used to assist the loosening of the material during the washing operation.
Procedure A is generally adopted unless otherwise specified.
Test Summary: The sample is dried to a constant mass and weighed. The sample is then washed, using either plain water or with water containing a wetting agent. The wash water, containing suspended and dissolved material, is passed through a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve. The washing operation is continued until the wash water is clear. The washed material retained on 75-μm (No. 200) sieve is dried and its mass determined. The loss in mass resulting from the washing operation is calculated as the mass percent of the original sample and is reported as the percentage of material finer than a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve by washing.
In most instances, this test method is used on the sample prior to dry sieving in accordance with the test standard AASHTO T 27 and the results included in AASHTO T 27 calculations. Thus, the total amount of material finer than 75 μm by washing, plus that obtained by dry sieving the same sample, is generally reported along with the results of AASHTO T 27.

Step 1: Sampling

Aggregates are sampled in accordance with AASHTO T 2. In most instances, the same test sample will be subjected to sieve analysis test according to AASHTO T 27; in which case, applicable requirements of AASHTO T 27 shall be complied with. Otherwise, the mass of the dried test sample shall conform with the requirements given in table below.


Nominal Maximum Size Minimum Mass, g
4.75 mm (No. 4) or smaller 300
9.5 mm (3/8 in.) 1000
19.0 mm (3/4 in.) 2500
37.5 mm (11/2 in.) or larger 5000

For nominal maximum size of the aggregate to be tested which are not listed above, the next larger size listed shall be used to determine sample size.


Step 2:

Dry the test sample to constant mass at a temperature of 110 ± 5°C (230 ± 9°F). Determine the mass (B) to the nearest 0.1 percent of the mass of the test sample.


Step 3:

Place the dry test sample in the container and add sufficient water to cover it. Any suitable dispersing agent, such as liquid dishwashing detergents, that will promote separation of the fine materials may be added during this stage. Agitate the sample to result in complete separation of all particles finer than the 75-μm (No. 200) sieve from the coarser particles, and to bring the fine material into suspension. Pour the wash water containing the suspended and dissolved solids over the nested sieves, arranged with the coarser sieve on top.


Step 4:

Add a second charge of water to the sample in the container, agitate, and decant as before and repeat this until the wash water is clear.


Step 5:

Dry the washed aggregate to constant mass at a temperature of 110 ± 5°C (230 ± 9°F) and determine the mass (C) to the nearest 0.1 percent of the original mass of the sample.


Calculation:

Calculate the amount of material passing a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve by washing as follows:

A = ( B − C ) B × 100 where:
A = percentage of material finer than a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve by washing;
B = original dry mass of sample, g; and
C = dry mass of sample after washing, g.

Materials Finer Than 75-μm (No. 200) Sieve




Output:

Percentage of material finer than a 75-μm (No. 200) sieve by washing:

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